Synthesis and Characterization of Triethanolaminate Derivatives of Tributyltin

Abstract

Triethanolaminate derivatives of tributyltin are an important group of organotin compounds, known for their diverse chemical properties, structural integrity, and wide-ranging applications. This review focuses on how these compounds are synthesized through coordination reactions involving tributyltin precursors and triethanolamine, leading to the formation of Sn–O–N bonded complexes with distinct geometries. By employing various spectroscopic, thermal, and elemental techniques for characterization, we gain valuable insights into their bonding environments and molecular structures. These derivatives are recognized for their significant biological activities, such as antimicrobial and cytotoxic effects, which stem from the reactivity of the tin center and the chelating properties of triethanolamine. Moreover, their contributions to material science especially as catalysts, stabilizers, and surface-active agents highlight their importance in industrial applications. However, there are ongoing concerns about their environmental persistence, potential for bioaccumulation, and toxicological effects, which align with the broader challenges associated with organotin compounds. The review stresses the importance of responsible use, the need for better synthetic methods, and the development of less toxic alternatives to promote safer and more sustainable practices.