Chapter 8: Role Of Freshwater Fishes As Bioindicators Of Aquatic Pollution

Abstract

Freshwater ecosystems play a crucial role in maintaining ecological balance and supporting biodiversity. However, rapid industrialization, urbanization, and agricultural activities have significantly increased the levels of pollutants entering aquatic systems. These pollutants include heavy metals, pesticides, fertilizers, industrial chemicals, and pharmaceutical residues. Continuous monitoring of aquatic pollution is therefore essential for protecting ecosystem health and ensuring safe water resources. Bioindicators are organisms that provide information about environmental conditions through measurable biological responses. Among various aquatic organisms, freshwater fishes are widely recognized as reliable bioindicators of aquatic pollution. They are sensitive to environmental changes and capable of accumulating pollutants in their tissues.