Influence of Soil pH on Nutrient Availability and Plant Growth
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59436/jsiane.v5i1.29.2583-2093Keywords:
Soil pH, Nutrient Availability, Plant Growth, Soil Fertility, Sustainable AgricultureAbstract
Soil pH is one of the most critical factors influencing nutrient availability, soil biochemical processes, and plant growth. The present study evaluates the influence of soil pH on nutrient dynamics and plant productivity under different pH conditions. Soil pH regulates the solubility of essential nutrients such as nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), and micronutrients, thereby affecting plant uptake efficiency. Experimental analysis revealed that nutrient availability is optimal within a pH range of 6.0–7.5, where most macro- and micronutrients are readily available for plant uptake. In acidic soils (pH < 6), essential nutrients such as calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus become less available due to fixation with aluminium and iron compounds . Conversely, alkaline soils (pH > 7.5) reduce the availability of micronutrients such as iron, zinc, and manganese, leading to nutrient deficiencies. The results also indicate that soil pH significantly affects microbial activity, enzyme function, and nutrient cycling processes, which ultimately influence plant growth and productivity. Plants grown under neutral pH conditions exhibited higher biomass, improved nutrient uptake, and enhanced growth compared to those grown under acidic or alkaline conditions. The study concludes that maintaining optimal soil pH is essential for maximising nutrient availability and ensuring sustainable crop production. Soil pH management practices such as liming and organic amendments can improve soil fertility and plant growth.
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