Effect of Enhanced Chromium metal on Seedling Growth of Pisum sativum L. Plants
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59436/jsiane.v5i4.28.2583-2093Keywords:
Chromium toxicity, Pisum sativum, heavy metal stress, germination, seedling growth, oxidative stress, potassium dichromateAbstract
Chromium (Cr) is one of the most toxic heavy metals contaminating agricultural soils due to industrialization, mining activities, electroplating, leather tanning, textile industries, and improper disposal of industrial wastes. The presence of chromium in agricultural lands adversely affects plant growth and development, leading to reduced crop productivity. The present study investigates the effects of different concentrations of chromium on seed germination and seedling growth of Pisum sativum L. (pea), an important leguminous crop. Chromium toxicity significantly reduced germination percentage, root length, fresh and dry biomass, and seed vigor index. Higher concentrations of chromium induced oxidative stress through excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), causing cellular damage and inhibition of physiological processes. Root growth was found to be more sensitive than shoot growth due to direct exposure to chromium ions. The study highlights the detrimental effects of chromium contamination on pea seedlings and emphasizes the need for effective remediation strategies to ensure sustainable agricultural production.
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