Awareness, Clinical Features, and Risk Factors of Tuberculosis among Adolescents and Young Adults in Gautam Buddha Nagar, India: A Cross-Sectional Study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59436/jsiane.v6i3.1.2583-2093Keywords:
Tuberculosis, Adolescents, Awareness, Risk factors, Public healthAbstract
Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a significant public health challenge, particularly among adolescents and young adults who play an important role in disease transmission within the community. This study was conducted to evaluate TB-related symptoms, awareness levels, and associated risk factors among individuals aged 10–25 years in Gautam Buddha Nagar, India. A community-based cross-sectional survey design was adopted, involving 100 participants through a structured questionnaire to assess symptoms, knowledge, and awareness related to TB. In addition, 50 clinical records including chest X-ray and sputum reports were reviewed to determine radiological and microbiological patterns of disease presentation. The findings revealed that respiratory symptoms were commonly reported among participants, while awareness regarding TB transmission and curability was generally high. However, knowledge about availability of free diagnostic and treatment services under national health programs was limited. Radiological evaluation indicated a predominance of pulmonary involvement, with bilateral lung affection being the most frequently observed pattern, suggesting that a considerable number of cases present at a relatively advanced stage of disease. Overall, the study highlights a gap between general awareness and utilization of available TB services, emphasizing the need for strengthened health education, early screening, and targeted intervention strategies for adolescents and young adults to improve TB control and prevention outcomes.
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