Exploring the Endophytic and Phytochemical Landscape of Aegle marmelos: From Ethnomedicine to Biotechnological Innovation
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59436/jsiane.391.2583-2093Keywords:
Aegle marmelos, Bael tree, Rutaceae, endophytesAbstract
Aegle marmelos is a well-known medicinal plant in Ayurveda with a variety of pharmacological qualities due to its rich phytochemical profile. This article discusses the phytoconstituents and endophytes found in leaves, bark, roots, fruits, and seeds of different plants. It also emphasises how endophytes, especially fungi and actinomycetes, are linked to A. marmelos and how they can mimic and enhance its therapeutic potential. Notable antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer, antidiabetic, antiviral, and enzyme-inhibitory properties have been observed in endophytic species such as Fusarium, Penicillium, Aspergillus, Trichoderma, and Xylaria. There are new opportunities for sustainable drug discovery and therapeutic development due to the growing evidence of horizontal gene transfer and phytochemical convergence between endophytes and their hosts.
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