Comparative analysis of Organic and Chemical (Traditional) farming practice in terms of Crop productivity and Environmental impact in rural area of India

Abstract

Agriculture is the backbone of human society and it is crucial for the survival of human beings. The global agricultural commercial faces an unprecedented challenge: feeding a growing population while remaining environmentally sustainable. The current literature focuses on a comparative examination of organic and chemical farming systems in relation to seed productivity, long-term agricultural sustainability, and environmental implications in rural farming. Organic farming entails growing crops without using chemical fertilizers or pesticides. It uses natural methods such as green manure, whereas chemical farming makes use of chemical fertilizers, synthetic fertilizers, and pesticides to increase crop yields. Organic farming is helpful to biodiversity and environmental protection at the local level, although it produces lower yields than chemical farming, which often produces larger short-term yields. Organic farming focuses on ecosystem services to improve soil composition and biodiversity. The use of natural compost, green manure, and crop rotation has been shown to increase soil fertility and biodiversity. Chemical farming is a method of agriculture that increases greenhouse gas emissions, soil erosion, water pollution through runoff, loss of ecosystem services, and has a detrimental impact on human health. Organic items are more nutritious for health than products that have been treated with chemicals and fertilizers. Organic farming has significant environmental benefits, such as increasing biodiversity, lowering pollution, and mitigating climate change through fewer carbon emissions and increased carbon sequestration. The comparison of organic and chemical farming approaches reveals that organic farming has considerable benefits for soil health and environmental sustainability. In comparison to traditional farming, the upgraded organic farming system had a greater net return and benefit-cost ratio. This study found that organic farming is a better practice than chemical farming since it is more environmentally friendly, soil-friendly, and helpful to human health. The current literature gives great information and an overview of organic and chemical farming in terms of crop yield, soil health, and environmental impact in rural agriculture, as well as support for future examination of organic and chemical farming by the researcher.