A Review on Effect of Climate Change on Honey Bees
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59436/jsiane.v6i1.21.2583-2093Keywords:
Honey bees, climate change, pollination, biodiversity, colony health, environmental stress, ecology, environmental changeAbstract
Honey bees are among the most important pollinating insects and contribute significantly to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem stability, and global agricultural productivity. Approximately one-third of global food production directly or indirectly depends on pollination services provided by bees and other pollinating insects. Climate change has emerged as one of the most significant environmental challenges affecting biodiversity worldwide. Rising temperatures, changing precipitation patterns, habitat alterations, and increasing frequency of extreme climatic events have generated substantial impacts on insect populations, including honey bees. Climate-induced changes may influence foraging behavior, reproductive activity, colony development, migration patterns, floral resource availability, and susceptibility to pathogens and parasites. Environmental stress associated with climate variability may also contribute to colony decline and reduction of pollination efficiency. Declining honey bee populations can subsequently affect crop productivity and ecosystem functioning. The present review summarizes available information regarding the influence of climate change on honey bee ecology, behavior, physiology, colony health, and conservation. The review further discusses major environmental threats and sustainable approaches for protecting honey bee populations under changing climatic conditions.
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