Sublethal Carbofuran Effects on Liver and Blood Parameters of Clarias batrachus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59436/jsiane.460.2583-2093Keywords:
Carbofuran; Clarias batrachus; Hepatotoxicity; Biochemical biomarkers; HistopathologyAbstract
This study looked into how sublethal exposure to carbofuran affects the biochemistry, blood health, and tissue structure of the freshwater fish Clarias batrachus. The fish were exposed to carbofuran for varying periods of 7, 15, 30, and 60 days, and we measured changes in their serum biochemical markers, blood parameters, and liver tissue structure. We found a significant increase in liver enzymes (AST and ALT) and a steady drop in total protein levels in the serum, which points to liver issues. The blood analysis showed lower hemoglobin levels and a decrease in red blood cell count, indicating anemia. When we examined the liver tissue under a microscope, we observed signs of damage, including vacuolization of liver cells, dilation of blood vessels, cell degeneration, and necrosis in the treated fish. These results clearly show that carbofuran can harm the liver and emphasize the importance of using integrated biomarkers to keep an eye on pesticide pollution in freshwater environments.
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